The Lipids Committee addresses emerging issues and trends associated with dietary fats and oils to inform evidence-based nutrition guidance and to improve human health.

Research Focus Areas

  • Address questions related to the role of fat and its dietary sources in popular diets, as well as public health recommended eating patterns.
  • Evaluate genotype and/or phenotype data from existing and emerging sources on how individuals respond differently to specific lipids, including on nutrient status and on health outcomes.
  • Support evidence-based decision making on changes in the dietary fats and oils applications in the food supply that have perceived or potential health effects.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS
Archer Daniels Midland Company
Cargill, Incorporated
DSM-Firmenich
Mondelēz International

ACADEMIC ADVISOR
Catherine Field, PhD, University of Alberta

GOVERNMENT LIAISON
David Baer, PhD, US Department of Agriculture
Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center

Recent Work:

Maintaining the Quality of Unsaturated Oils in Food Service Frying Processes

Oxidation of unsaturated oils is an important issue as the food industry adjusts food preparation practices, such as frying, that comply with legislation prohibiting the use of partially hydrogenated oils (PHO). This brief review focuses on frying applications and includes a summary of lipid oxidation’s potential effects on health and flavor, as well as strategies to curb lipid oxidation during frying. An infographic is also provided to increase awareness and support informed decision-making.

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Long-chain omega-3’s (DHA & EPA) 

  • NUTRITION 2023 session on “It’s Time to Quantify Intake Recommendations for Dietary Bioactives” featured three bioactives, including quantifying intakes for long-chain omega-3’s (DHA & EPA) for full-term pregnancy (click here for the session overview). This supports a broader strategy to support science-based health messaging about dietary components that do not currently have established minimum intake recommendations.

Publications

Fat Intake Modifies the Association between Restricted Carbohydrate Diets and Prevalent Cardiometabolic Diseases among Adults in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2018

This study evaluates cross-sectional relationships between carbohydrate restricted diets and cardiometabolic diseases in adult Americans, specifically comparing how amount and type of fat affects the relationship. Diets with carbohydrate intake below recommended amounts were associated with prevalence of cardiometabolic disease.

Read more about Fat Intake Modifies the Association between Restricted Carbohydrate Diets and Prevalent Cardiometabolic Diseases among Adults in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2018

PUFA ω-3 and ω-6 Biomarkers and Sleep: A Pooled Analysis of Cohort Studies on Behalf of the Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium (FORCE)

In a pooling analysis of 12 studies from 5 countries, higher blood/tissue concentrations of very long chain omega-3 fatty acids (EPA + DPA + DHA and DHA alone) were associated with lower odds of long sleep duration. These findings highlight the importance of continued study of n-3 PUFAs given the public health implications of poor sleep.

Read more about PUFA ω-3 and ω-6 Biomarkers and Sleep: A Pooled Analysis of Cohort Studies on Behalf of the Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium (FORCE)

Using an Erythrocyte Fatty Acid Fingerprint to Predict Risk of All-Cause Mortality: the Framingham Offspring Cohort

In this community-based population of 2,240 subjects in their mid-60s, RBC Fatty Acid patterns were as predictive of risk for death during the next 11 years as standard risk factors (age, sex, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, hypertension treatment, systolic blood pressure, smoking status, and prevalent diabetes).

Read more about Using an Erythrocyte Fatty Acid Fingerprint to Predict Risk of All-Cause Mortality: the Framingham Offspring Cohort

A Combination of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms is Associated with the Interindividual Variability in the Blood Lipid Response to Dietary Fatty Acid Consumption in a Randomized Clinical Trial

Blood lipid concentrations display high interindividual variability in response to dietary interventions, partly due to genetics. The study reports combinations of single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with a significant part of the variability in LDL cholesterol and TG concentrations following dietary interventions differing in their fatty acid profiles.

Read more about A Combination of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms is Associated with the Interindividual Variability in the Blood Lipid Response to Dietary Fatty Acid Consumption in a Randomized Clinical Trial

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                    [post_tag] => Array
                        (
                            [terms] => Array
                                (
                                    [0] => dietary lipids
                                )

                            [field] => name
                        )

                )

            [primary_table] => wp_posts
            [primary_id_column] => ID
        )

    [meta_query] => WP_Meta_Query Object
        (
            [queries] => Array
                (
                    [0] => Array
                        (
                            [key] => _ilsi_date
                        )

                    [1] => Array
                        (
                            [0] => Array
                                (
                                    [key] => _ilsi_date
                                    [value] => 2019-03-28
                                    [compare] => >=
                                    [type] => DATE
                                )

                            [1] => Array
                                (
                                    [key] => _ilsi_date
                                    [value] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => 2010-01-01
                                            [1] => 2010-12-31
                                        )

                                    [compare] => BETWEEN
                                )

                            [2] => Array
                                (
                                    [key] => _ilsi_date
                                    [value] => 2010-12-31
                                    [compare] => <
                                )

                            [relation] => AND
                        )

                    [relation] => AND
                )

            [relation] => AND
            [meta_table] => wp_postmeta
            [meta_id_column] => post_id
            [primary_table] => wp_posts
            [primary_id_column] => ID
            [table_aliases:protected] => Array
                (
                    [0] => wp_postmeta
                    [1] => mt1
                    [2] => mt2
                    [3] => mt3
                )

            [clauses:protected] => Array
                (
                    [wp_postmeta] => Array
                        (
                            [key] => _ilsi_date
                            [compare] => =
                            [compare_key] => =
                            [alias] => wp_postmeta
                            [cast] => CHAR
                        )

                    [mt1] => Array
                        (
                            [key] => _ilsi_date
                            [value] => 2019-03-28
                            [compare] => >=
                            [type] => DATE
                            [compare_key] => =
                            [alias] => mt1
                            [cast] => DATE
                        )

                    [mt2] => Array
                        (
                            [key] => _ilsi_date
                            [value] => Array
                                (
                                    [0] => 2010-01-01
                                    [1] => 2010-12-31
                                )

                            [compare] => BETWEEN
                            [compare_key] => =
                            [alias] => mt2
                            [cast] => CHAR
                        )

                    [mt3] => Array
                        (
                            [key] => _ilsi_date
                            [value] => 2010-12-31
                            [compare] => <
                            [compare_key] => =
                            [alias] => mt3
                            [cast] => CHAR
                        )

                )

            [has_or_relation:protected] => 
        )

    [date_query] => 
    [request] => 
					SELECT SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS  wp_posts.ID
					FROM wp_posts  LEFT JOIN wp_term_relationships ON (wp_posts.ID = wp_term_relationships.object_id) INNER JOIN wp_postmeta ON ( wp_posts.ID = wp_postmeta.post_id )  INNER JOIN wp_postmeta AS mt1 ON ( wp_posts.ID = mt1.post_id )  INNER JOIN wp_postmeta AS mt2 ON ( wp_posts.ID = mt2.post_id )  INNER JOIN wp_postmeta AS mt3 ON ( wp_posts.ID = mt3.post_id )
					WHERE 1=1  AND ( 
  wp_term_relationships.term_taxonomy_id IN (165)
) AND ( 
  wp_postmeta.meta_key = '_ilsi_date' 
  AND 
  ( 
    ( mt1.meta_key = '_ilsi_date' AND CAST(mt1.meta_value AS DATE) >= '2019-03-28' ) 
    AND 
    ( mt2.meta_key = '_ilsi_date' AND mt2.meta_value BETWEEN '2010-01-01' AND '2010-12-31' ) 
    AND 
    ( mt3.meta_key = '_ilsi_date' AND mt3.meta_value < '2010-12-31' )
  )
) AND ((wp_posts.post_type = 'event' AND (wp_posts.post_status = 'publish' OR wp_posts.post_status = 'acf-disabled')))
					GROUP BY wp_posts.ID
					ORDER BY wp_postmeta.meta_value DESC
					LIMIT 0, 5
				
    [posts] => Array
        (
        )

    [post_count] => 0
    [current_post] => -1
    [before_loop] => 
    [in_the_loop] => 
    [comment_count] => 0
    [current_comment] => -1
    [found_posts] => 0
    [max_num_pages] => 0
    [max_num_comment_pages] => 0
    [is_single] => 
    [is_preview] => 
    [is_page] => 
    [is_archive] => 1
    [is_date] => 
    [is_year] => 
    [is_month] => 
    [is_day] => 
    [is_time] => 
    [is_author] => 
    [is_category] => 
    [is_tag] => 1
    [is_tax] => 
    [is_search] => 
    [is_feed] => 
    [is_comment_feed] => 
    [is_trackback] => 
    [is_home] => 
    [is_privacy_policy] => 
    [is_404] => 
    [is_embed] => 
    [is_paged] => 
    [is_admin] => 
    [is_attachment] => 
    [is_singular] => 
    [is_robots] => 
    [is_favicon] => 
    [is_posts_page] => 
    [is_post_type_archive] => 
    [query_vars_hash:WP_Query:private] => 2d1100741725dd7c9eec237506b2bd57
    [query_vars_changed:WP_Query:private] => 
    [thumbnails_cached] => 
    [allow_query_attachment_by_filename:protected] => 
    [stopwords:WP_Query:private] => 
    [compat_fields:WP_Query:private] => Array
        (
            [0] => query_vars_hash
            [1] => query_vars_changed
        )

    [compat_methods:WP_Query:private] => Array
        (
            [0] => init_query_flags
            [1] => parse_tax_query
        )

)