Upcoming Events
FNCE 2018
October 20, 2018 – October 23, 2018
Washington, DC, USA
JIFSAN 2018 Advisory Council Annual Symposium
October 18, 2018 – October 19, 2018
Beltsville, MD, USA
Over past decades, public-private partnerships (P3s) have demonstrated significant value as a mechanism for pursuing governmental and societal goals. The 2018 JIFSAN Symposium will focus on the role of P3s in improving public health outcomes in nutrition and food safety.
Read more about JIFSAN 2018 Advisory Council Annual Symposium
Bioinformatics Approaches to Assess Safety of Novel Proteins in Relation to Food Hypersensitivity
October 17, 2018 – October 18, 2018
Copenhagen, Denmark
This educational workshop will cover advances in protein allergy research and inform the use of novel approaches for the identification of potential food allergens. This event will be of interest to government regulators, those involved in food allergy and celiac disease research, and scientists involved in food safety and risk assessment.
European Federation of the Associations of Dietitians Conference 2018
September 28, 2018 – September 29, 2018
Rotterdam, Netherlands
The European Federation of the Associations of Dietitians (EFAD) was established in 1978 and represents over 34,000 dietitians and 9,000 students. This conference addresses a wide range of topics relevant to dietitians today and explores future areas of work for dietitians.
Read more about European Federation of the Associations of Dietitians Conference 2018
National Academies of Sciences Government University Industry Research Roundtable (GUIRR)
September 20, 2018
Washington, DC, USA
Scientific integrity is of utmost importance for all facets of the scientific community, yet issues continue to be widespread. The Scientific Integrity Consortium recently brought together representatives from multiple sectors to consider a set of principles and best practices to be used broadly across all scientific disciplines as a mechanism for community consensus on scientific integrity standards.
WP_Query Object ( [query] => Array ( [post_type] => event [posts_per_page] => 5 [type] => [area] => [before] => [after] => [tags] => [showtitle] => false [meta_query] => Array ( [relation] => Array ( [0] => AND [1] => AND ) [0] => Array ( [key] => _ilsi_date [value] => Array ( [0] => 2018-01-01 [1] => 2018-12-31 ) [compare] => BETWEEN ) [1] => Array ( [key] => _ilsi_date [value] => 2018-12-31 [compare] => < ) ) [maxyears] => 0 [paged] => 2 [meta_key] => _ilsi_date [orderby] => meta_value [order] => DESC ) [query_vars] => Array ( [post_type] => event [posts_per_page] => 5 [type] => [area] => [before] => [after] => [tags] => [showtitle] => false [meta_query] => Array ( [relation] => Array ( [0] => AND [1] => AND ) [0] => Array ( [key] => _ilsi_date [value] => Array ( [0] => 2018-01-01 [1] => 2018-12-31 ) [compare] => BETWEEN ) [1] => Array ( [key] => _ilsi_date [value] => 2018-12-31 [compare] => < ) ) [maxyears] => 0 [paged] => 2 [meta_key] => _ilsi_date [orderby] => meta_value [order] => DESC [error] => [m] => [p] => 0 [post_parent] => [subpost] => [subpost_id] => [attachment] => [attachment_id] => 0 [name] => [pagename] => [page_id] => 0 [second] => [minute] => [hour] => [day] => 0 [monthnum] => 0 [year] => 0 [w] => 0 [category_name] => [tag] => [cat] => [tag_id] => [author] => [author_name] => [feed] => [tb] => [meta_value] => [preview] => [s] => [sentence] => [title] => [fields] => [menu_order] => => [category__in] => Array ( ) [category__not_in] => Array ( ) [category__and] => Array ( ) [post__in] => Array ( ) [post__not_in] => Array ( ) [post_name__in] => Array ( ) [tag__in] => Array ( ) [tag__not_in] => Array ( ) [tag__and] => Array ( ) [tag_slug__in] => Array ( ) [tag_slug__and] => Array ( ) [post_parent__in] => Array ( ) [post_parent__not_in] => Array ( ) [author__in] => Array ( ) [author__not_in] => Array ( ) [search_columns] => Array ( ) [ignore_sticky_posts] => [suppress_filters] => [cache_results] => 1 [update_post_term_cache] => 1 [update_menu_item_cache] => [lazy_load_term_meta] => 1 [update_post_meta_cache] => 1 [nopaging] => [comments_per_page] => 50 [no_found_rows] => ) [tax_query] => WP_Tax_Query Object ( [queries] => Array ( ) [relation] => AND [table_aliases:protected] => Array ( ) [queried_terms] => Array ( ) [primary_table] => wp_posts [primary_id_column] => ID ) [meta_query] => WP_Meta_Query Object ( [queries] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [key] => _ilsi_date ) [1] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [key] => _ilsi_date [value] => Array ( [0] => 2018-01-01 [1] => 2018-12-31 ) [compare] => BETWEEN ) [1] => Array ( [key] => _ilsi_date [value] => 2018-12-31 [compare] => < ) [relation] => AND ) [relation] => AND ) [relation] => AND [meta_table] => wp_postmeta [meta_id_column] => post_id [primary_table] => wp_posts [primary_id_column] => ID [table_aliases:protected] => Array ( [0] => wp_postmeta [1] => mt1 [2] => mt2 ) [clauses:protected] => Array ( [wp_postmeta] => Array ( [key] => _ilsi_date [compare] => = [compare_key] => = [alias] => wp_postmeta [cast] => CHAR ) [mt1] => Array ( [key] => _ilsi_date [value] => Array ( [0] => 2018-01-01 [1] => 2018-12-31 ) [compare] => BETWEEN [compare_key] => = [alias] => mt1 [cast] => CHAR ) [mt2] => Array ( [key] => _ilsi_date [value] => 2018-12-31 [compare] => < [compare_key] => = [alias] => mt2 [cast] => CHAR ) ) [has_or_relation:protected] => ) [date_query] => [request] => SELECT SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS wp_posts.ID FROM wp_posts INNER JOIN wp_postmeta ON ( wp_posts.ID = wp_postmeta.post_id ) INNER JOIN wp_postmeta AS mt1 ON ( wp_posts.ID = mt1.post_id ) INNER JOIN wp_postmeta AS mt2 ON ( wp_posts.ID = mt2.post_id ) WHERE 1=1 AND ( wp_postmeta.meta_key = '_ilsi_date' AND ( ( mt1.meta_key = '_ilsi_date' AND mt1.meta_value BETWEEN '2018-01-01' AND '2018-12-31' ) AND ( mt2.meta_key = '_ilsi_date' AND mt2.meta_value < '2018-12-31' ) ) ) AND ((wp_posts.post_type = 'event' AND (wp_posts.post_status = 'publish' OR wp_posts.post_status = 'acf-disabled'))) GROUP BY wp_posts.ID ORDER BY wp_postmeta.meta_value DESC LIMIT 5, 5 [posts] => Array ( [0] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 4836 [post_author] => 67 [post_date] => 2018-09-17 19:49:26 [post_date_gmt] => 2018-09-17 19:49:26 [post_content] => [post_title] => FNCE 2018 [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => fnce-2018 [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2018-10-17 20:07:49 [post_modified_gmt] => 2018-10-17 20:07:49 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://iafnsconnect.wpengine.com/?post_type=event&p=4836 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => event [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [1] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 4835 [post_author] => 67 [post_date] => 2018-09-17 18:48:51 [post_date_gmt] => 2018-09-17 18:48:51 [post_content] => [post_title] => JIFSAN 2018 Advisory Council Annual Symposium [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => jifsan-2018-advisory-council-annual-symposium [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2018-12-05 14:37:12 [post_modified_gmt] => 2018-12-05 14:37:12 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://iafnsconnect.wpengine.com/?post_type=event&p=4835 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => event [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [2] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 4782 [post_author] => 67 [post_date] => 2018-09-12 13:26:49 [post_date_gmt] => 2018-09-12 13:26:49 [post_content] => [post_title] => Bioinformatics Approaches to Assess Safety of Novel Proteins in Relation to Food Hypersensitivity [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => bioinformatics-approaches-to-assess-safety-of-novel-proteins-in-relation-to-food-hypersensitivity [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2018-09-12 13:29:26 [post_modified_gmt] => 2018-09-12 13:29:26 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://iafnsconnect.wpengine.com/?post_type=event&p=4782 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => event [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [3] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 4909 [post_author] => 67 [post_date] => 2018-10-18 16:18:12 [post_date_gmt] => 2018-10-18 16:18:12 [post_content] => [post_title] => European Federation of the Associations of Dietitians Conference 2018 [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => european-federation-of-the-associations-of-dietitians-conference-2018 [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2018-10-18 16:18:12 [post_modified_gmt] => 2018-10-18 16:18:12 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://iafnsconnect.wpengine.com/?post_type=event&p=4909 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => event [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [4] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 5115 [post_author] => 67 [post_date] => 2018-12-05 15:27:10 [post_date_gmt] => 2018-12-05 15:27:10 [post_content] => [post_title] => National Academies of Sciences Government University Industry Research Roundtable (GUIRR) [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => national-academies-of-sciences-government-university-industry-research-roundtable-guirr [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2018-12-05 15:27:10 [post_modified_gmt] => 2018-12-05 15:27:10 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://iafnsconnect.wpengine.com/?post_type=event&p=5115 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => event [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) ) [post_count] => 5 [current_post] => -1 [before_loop] => [in_the_loop] => [post] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 4836 [post_author] => 67 [post_date] => 2018-09-17 19:49:26 [post_date_gmt] => 2018-09-17 19:49:26 [post_content] => [post_title] => FNCE 2018 [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => fnce-2018 [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2018-10-17 20:07:49 [post_modified_gmt] => 2018-10-17 20:07:49 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://iafnsconnect.wpengine.com/?post_type=event&p=4836 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => event [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [comment_count] => 0 [current_comment] => -1 [found_posts] => 20 [max_num_pages] => 4 [max_num_comment_pages] => 0 [is_single] => [is_preview] => [is_page] => [is_archive] => [is_date] => [is_year] => [is_month] => [is_day] => [is_time] => [is_author] => [is_category] => [is_tag] => [is_tax] => [is_search] => [is_feed] => [is_comment_feed] => [is_trackback] => [is_home] => 1 [is_privacy_policy] => [is_404] => [is_embed] => [is_paged] => 1 [is_admin] => [is_attachment] => [is_singular] => [is_robots] => [is_favicon] => [is_posts_page] => [is_post_type_archive] => [query_vars_hash:WP_Query:private] => 5f93097536ca36d29d119b7caf988e7a [query_vars_changed:WP_Query:private] => [thumbnails_cached] => [allow_query_attachment_by_filename:protected] => [stopwords:WP_Query:private] => [compat_fields:WP_Query:private] => Array ( [0] => query_vars_hash [1] => query_vars_changed ) [compat_methods:WP_Query:private] => Array ( [0] => init_query_flags [1] => parse_tax_query ) )
Past Events
Webinar on FDA Regulatory Review Process for Healthcare Professionals
January 30, 2024
Virtual, Event
Interested in learning about the FDA Regulatory Review Process – including Non-Sugar Sweeteners? Participate in a research study on healthcare practitioners’ perceptions of low- and no-calorie sweeteners.
Read more about Webinar on FDA Regulatory Review Process for Healthcare Professionals
Webinar Series: Benefits of Potassium Substitution for Public Health
January 29, 2024
Virtual, Event
Potassium substituted for salt has been shown to not only reduce blood pressure, but also reduce the risk for stroke and cardiovascular disease.
Read more about Webinar Series: Benefits of Potassium Substitution for Public Health
Webinar Series: Emerging Science — Leveraging Innovation to Address Technical Challenges of Reducing Sodium in Foods
January 26, 2024
Virtual, Event
Many food manufacturers and food service organizations have made commitments towards sodium reduction in their products and have introduced them into the market. There are many technical obstacles to reducing sodium in food products considering the functional roles of sodium-containing ingredients.
Webinar Series: Effects of Sodium Reduction on Food Safety and Quality
January 25, 2024
Virtual, Event
Today, salt remains essential in many food commodities, such as dairy and ready-to-eat meats, not only as a preservative but also as a flavor enhancer and a means to improve texture. However, the need to reduce sodium consumption has become more critical to public health.
Read more about Webinar Series: Effects of Sodium Reduction on Food Safety and Quality
Webinar Series: Lessons Learned — Opportunities and Challenges to Monitoring Sodium in the Food Supply
January 24, 2024
Virtual, Event
Monitoring sodium in the food supply to evaluate progress against voluntary sodium reduction targets is the focus of this webinar.
WP_Query Object ( [query] => Array ( [post_type] => event [posts_per_page] => 5 [type] => [area] => [before] => 2024-05-05 [after] => [tags] => [showtitle] => [meta_query] => Array ( [relation] => AND [0] => Array ( [key] => _ilsi_date [value] => 2024-05-05 [compare] => <= ) ) [maxyears] => 0 [paged] => 4 [meta_key] => _ilsi_date [orderby] => meta_value [order] => DESC ) [query_vars] => Array ( [post_type] => event [posts_per_page] => 5 [type] => [area] => [before] => 2024-05-05 [after] => [tags] => [showtitle] => [meta_query] => Array ( [relation] => AND [0] => Array ( [key] => _ilsi_date [value] => 2024-05-05 [compare] => <= ) ) [maxyears] => 0 [paged] => 4 [meta_key] => _ilsi_date [orderby] => meta_value [order] => DESC [error] => [m] => [p] => 0 [post_parent] => [subpost] => [subpost_id] => [attachment] => [attachment_id] => 0 [name] => [pagename] => [page_id] => 0 [second] => [minute] => [hour] => [day] => 0 [monthnum] => 0 [year] => 0 [w] => 0 [category_name] => [tag] => [cat] => [tag_id] => [author] => [author_name] => [feed] => [tb] => [meta_value] => [preview] => [s] => [sentence] => [title] => [fields] => [menu_order] => => [category__in] => Array ( ) [category__not_in] => Array ( ) [category__and] => Array ( ) [post__in] => Array ( ) [post__not_in] => Array ( ) [post_name__in] => Array ( ) [tag__in] => Array ( ) [tag__not_in] => Array ( ) [tag__and] => Array ( ) [tag_slug__in] => Array ( ) [tag_slug__and] => Array ( ) [post_parent__in] => Array ( ) [post_parent__not_in] => Array ( ) [author__in] => Array ( ) [author__not_in] => Array ( ) [search_columns] => Array ( ) [ignore_sticky_posts] => [suppress_filters] => [cache_results] => 1 [update_post_term_cache] => 1 [update_menu_item_cache] => [lazy_load_term_meta] => 1 [update_post_meta_cache] => 1 [nopaging] => [comments_per_page] => 50 [no_found_rows] => ) [tax_query] => WP_Tax_Query Object ( [queries] => Array ( ) [relation] => AND [table_aliases:protected] => Array ( ) [queried_terms] => Array ( ) [primary_table] => wp_posts [primary_id_column] => ID ) [meta_query] => WP_Meta_Query Object ( [queries] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [key] => _ilsi_date ) [1] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [key] => _ilsi_date [value] => 2024-05-05 [compare] => <= ) [relation] => OR ) [relation] => AND ) [relation] => AND [meta_table] => wp_postmeta [meta_id_column] => post_id [primary_table] => wp_posts [primary_id_column] => ID [table_aliases:protected] => Array ( [0] => wp_postmeta [1] => mt1 ) [clauses:protected] => Array ( [wp_postmeta] => Array ( [key] => _ilsi_date [compare] => = [compare_key] => = [alias] => wp_postmeta [cast] => CHAR ) [mt1] => Array ( [key] => _ilsi_date [value] => 2024-05-05 [compare] => <= [compare_key] => = [alias] => mt1 [cast] => CHAR ) ) [has_or_relation:protected] => ) [date_query] => [request] => SELECT SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS wp_posts.ID FROM wp_posts INNER JOIN wp_postmeta ON ( wp_posts.ID = wp_postmeta.post_id ) INNER JOIN wp_postmeta AS mt1 ON ( wp_posts.ID = mt1.post_id ) WHERE 1=1 AND ( wp_postmeta.meta_key = '_ilsi_date' AND ( ( mt1.meta_key = '_ilsi_date' AND mt1.meta_value <= '2024-05-05' ) ) ) AND ((wp_posts.post_type = 'event' AND (wp_posts.post_status = 'publish' OR wp_posts.post_status = 'acf-disabled'))) GROUP BY wp_posts.ID ORDER BY wp_postmeta.meta_value DESC LIMIT 15, 5 [posts] => Array ( [0] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 33690 [post_author] => 291 [post_date] => 2024-01-16 09:04:22 [post_date_gmt] => 2024-01-16 14:04:22 [post_content] => [post_title] => Webinar on FDA Regulatory Review Process for Healthcare Professionals [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => seeking-healthcare-professionals-for-brief-research-study [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2024-02-05 15:15:45 [post_modified_gmt] => 2024-02-05 20:15:45 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://iafns.org/?post_type=event&p=33690 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => event [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [1] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 33148 [post_author] => 291 [post_date] => 2023-11-01 11:20:44 [post_date_gmt] => 2023-11-01 15:20:44 [post_content] => [post_title] => Webinar Series: Benefits of Potassium Substitution for Public Health [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => benefits-of-potassium-substitution-for-public-health [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2024-02-05 14:28:26 [post_modified_gmt] => 2024-02-05 19:28:26 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://iafns.org/?post_type=event&p=33148 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => event [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [2] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 33555 [post_author] => 291 [post_date] => 2023-12-08 12:00:34 [post_date_gmt] => 2023-12-08 17:00:34 [post_content] => [post_title] => Webinar Series: Emerging Science -- Leveraging Innovation to Address Technical Challenges of Reducing Sodium in Foods [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => emerging-science-leveraging-innovation-to-address-technical-challenges-of-reducing-sodium-in-foods [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2024-02-05 14:25:43 [post_modified_gmt] => 2024-02-05 19:25:43 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://iafns.org/?post_type=event&p=33555 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => event [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [3] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 33538 [post_author] => 291 [post_date] => 2023-12-06 01:00:30 [post_date_gmt] => 2023-12-06 06:00:30 [post_content] => [post_title] => Webinar Series: Effects of Sodium Reduction on Food Safety and Quality [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => effects-of-sodium-reduction-on-food-safety-and-quality [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2024-02-05 14:23:09 [post_modified_gmt] => 2024-02-05 19:23:09 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://iafns.org/?post_type=event&p=33538 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => event [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [4] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 33254 [post_author] => 291 [post_date] => 2023-11-08 16:45:12 [post_date_gmt] => 2023-11-08 21:45:12 [post_content] => [post_title] => Webinar Series: Lessons Learned -- Opportunities and Challenges to Monitoring Sodium in the Food Supply [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => lessons-learned-opportunities-and-challenges-to-monitoring-sodium-in-the-food-supply [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2024-02-05 14:19:51 [post_modified_gmt] => 2024-02-05 19:19:51 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://iafns.org/?post_type=event&p=33254 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => event [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) ) [post_count] => 5 [current_post] => -1 [before_loop] => [in_the_loop] => [post] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 33690 [post_author] => 291 [post_date] => 2024-01-16 09:04:22 [post_date_gmt] => 2024-01-16 14:04:22 [post_content] => [post_title] => Webinar on FDA Regulatory Review Process for Healthcare Professionals [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => seeking-healthcare-professionals-for-brief-research-study [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2024-02-05 15:15:45 [post_modified_gmt] => 2024-02-05 20:15:45 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://iafns.org/?post_type=event&p=33690 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => event [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [comment_count] => 0 [current_comment] => -1 [found_posts] => 297 [max_num_pages] => 60 [max_num_comment_pages] => 0 [is_single] => [is_preview] => [is_page] => [is_archive] => [is_date] => [is_year] => [is_month] => [is_day] => [is_time] => [is_author] => [is_category] => [is_tag] => [is_tax] => [is_search] => [is_feed] => [is_comment_feed] => [is_trackback] => [is_home] => 1 [is_privacy_policy] => [is_404] => [is_embed] => [is_paged] => 1 [is_admin] => [is_attachment] => [is_singular] => [is_robots] => [is_favicon] => [is_posts_page] => [is_post_type_archive] => [query_vars_hash:WP_Query:private] => ae3081914b90f85fb4c5ccd6e95fb93f [query_vars_changed:WP_Query:private] => [thumbnails_cached] => [allow_query_attachment_by_filename:protected] => [stopwords:WP_Query:private] => [compat_fields:WP_Query:private] => Array ( [0] => query_vars_hash [1] => query_vars_changed ) [compat_methods:WP_Query:private] => Array ( [0] => init_query_flags [1] => parse_tax_query ) )